(Delhi): A recent measles outbreak in Texas has led to the first reported death, a school child who did not receive the MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine. According to the Xinhua News Agency, the Texas Department of State Health Services (TDSHS) confirmed the child was hospitalised in Lubbock last week, where tests revealed the presence of the measles virus. As of February 25, 124 confirmed cases of measles, primarily among children, have been reported in the South Plains area of Texas.
The outbreak has raised concern, with 18 individuals hospitalised, five of whom had received the vaccine. The remaining cases involved either non- vaccinated individuals or those whose vaccination status was unknown. Measles is an extremely contagious virus that spreads through respiratory droplets. It can be deadly, particularly for those who have not been vaccinated. Health authorities are emphasising the importance of mandatory vaccinations to halt the spread and save lives.
Symptoms of Measles and How It Spreads
Measles symptoms typically appear 7-14 days after infection. Common symptoms include:
– High fever (up to 104°F)
– Dry cough and sore throat
– Runny nose (rhinitis)
– Red, irritated eyes
– Fatigue and loss of appetite
– Small white spots inside the mouth (Koplik spots)
– A red, blotchy rash that usually starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body
The measles virus spreads through the air, often via coughs, sneezes, or saliva. It can also survive on surfaces for hours, making it possible for the virus to spread through contact with infected surfaces. The risk of infection increases when individuals touch their face, eyes, or mouth after touching contaminated surfaces. Those who have not been vaccinated, especially children and adults, are at a higher risk of contracting the disease. Additionally, individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those suffering from malnutrition or other illnesses, are more susceptible to the infection.
Prevention Measures
Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent measles. The MMR vaccine is administered to children at 9 to 12 months of age, with a second dose given between 16 to 24 months. If an individual is exposed to the virus and has not been vaccinated, getting the MMR vaccine within 72 hours can help prevent infection.
Other preventive measures include:
– Avoiding close contact with infected individuals, as measles spreads through coughing and sneezing.
– Wearing masks in crowded places to reduce the spread of respiratory droplets.
– Avoiding shared utensils, towels, and clothing with infected persons.
– Maintaining good hygiene by washing hands regularly and avoiding touching your face.
– Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces frequently, especially in areas where infected individuals have been.
– Boosting immunity through a healthy diet rich in vitamins A and C, adequate sleep, and staying hydrated.
The Urgent Need for Vaccination
With measles cases on the rise, health officials are stressing the importance of vaccination in preventing further spread and saving lives. By increasing awareness about the risks of measles and the effectiveness of the MMR vaccine, we can reduce the impact of this preventable disease and protect vulnerable populations.
